Design of earth‐abundant amorphous transition metal‐based catalysts for electrooxidation of small molecules: Advances and perspectives

Electrochemical oxidation of small molecules (e.g., water, urea, methanol, hydrazine, and glycerol) has gained growing scientific interest in the fields electrochemical energy conversion/storage environmental remediation. Designing cost-effective catalysts for electrooxidation (ESM) is thus crucial improving reaction efficiency. Recently, earth-abundant amorphous transition metal (TM)-based nanomaterials have aroused souring owing to their earth-abundance, flexible structures, excellent activities. Hundreds TM-based been designed used as promising ESM catalysts. Herein, recent advances design are comprehensively reviewed. The features large specific surface area, electronic structure, facile structure reconstruction) first analyzed. Afterward, various with advanced strategies nanostructure design, component regulation, heteroatom doping, heterostructure construction) fully scrutinized, catalysts’ structure-performance correlation emphasized. Future perspectives development then outlined. This review expected provide practical next-generation electrocatalysts.